Abstract: Objective: To evaluate salivary detection of HPV-16 & 18 and interleukin 6 & 8 could serve as informative biomarker for Oral Pre-neoplastic Lesions (PNL) and oral Squamous cell Carcinoma (OSCC) in our population.

Study Design: Non-interventional, case control study.

Setting: Department of ENT, Head & Neck Surgery, DMC of DUHS & CHK-Pakistan.

Duration: July 2011 to December 2012.

Subjects and Methods:

The participants were divided in three groups ‘A’, ‘B’ & ‘C’ having 35 subjects in each. Group‘A’ constitutes patients having strong clinical evidence of oral pre-neoplastic lesions. Group ‘B’ includes clinical and histologically proven OSCC and Group ‘C’ constitutes disease free subjects as controls. After taking informed consent, relevant clinical details were recorded on IRB approved performa. Saliva was procured by standard ‘draining (drooling) method’. Samples were stored at +4^oC and later transferred to Dow Diagnostic, Research & Reference Laboratory to be stored at -20^oC before further process. Samples were centrifuged at 4500 rpm for 15 minutes. Cell pellets were used for identification of high risk HPV-16 & 18 by real-time PCR method. Supernatant fluid phase was removed and used for detection and quantification of IL₆ and IL₈ by ELISA. Data was entered and analyzed 04 SPSS. P-value of 0.05 was taken as standard reference.

Results:

Significant relationship was observed between the groups for salivary HPV-18 detection by Real-time PCR (P= 0.002) while for salivary detection of HPV-16, no significant association was found (P= 0.245).

Significant association was found for qualitative salivary detection of IL₆ and IL₈ between the groups (P= < 0.0001 and < 0.0001 respectively). Regarding quantitative salivary concentration, no significant co-relation was found in salivary levels of IL₆ between the groups while there was significant association of salivary IL₈ levels between the groups (P= <0.0001). On post Hoc multiple comparison, significant co-relation was found between oral PNL group and controls (P=0.001) and OSCC group and controls (P= <0.0001).

Conclusion:

Abstract: Purpose: To study the clinical profile of the three stages of Primary Angle Closure Disease (PACD): Primary Angle Closure Suspect (PACS), Primary Angle Closure (PAC), and Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG).

Methods: Between October 2011 and May 2013, all consecutive patients of primary angle closure disease (PACD) were enrolled at Glaucoma outpatient department (OPD) in SDEH after subjecting the referred patients to comprehensive eye examination. A record of age and sex distributions, symptomatology, the best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, gonioscopy, disc evaluation and visual fields, and status of the second eye was maintained, with respect to the three stages of angle closure disease: PACS, PAC and PACG.

Result:One hundred eyes of fifty patients with a diagnosis of primary angle closure disease were enrolled at Glaucoma outpatient department (OPD) in SDEH after subjecting the patients to comprehensive eye examination by a single glaucoma specialist. The mean age of the patients included in our study was 56.74 years ± 7.3years.  37 patients (74%) presented with complaints of diminution of vision as main symptom, followed by periocular pain, redness, coloured haloes and other complaints  PACS, PAC and PACG were found in 18 (18%), 12 (12%) and 69 eyes (69%) respectively. Mild, moderate, severe visual impairment and blindness was found in 5 (7.2%), 32 (46.4%), 11 (15.9%), 21 (31%) cases respectively.

Abstract: Introduction: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a major cytokine with an important role in the inflammatory cascade. There has been a growing body of evidence in recent years of the role of inflammatory cytokines in atrial fibrillation (AF), although the studies in this field have been inconclusive. Objective: To find changes in IL-6 that correlate with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), and study in dynamics the plasma concentrations of this cytokine. Materials and methods: Plasma concentrations of IL-6 were measured three times in 51 patients (26 men and 25 women; mean age 59.84 ± 1.60 yrs) with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF): once immediately after hospitalization of these patients (that is, during the rhythm disorder episode at baseline), then at 24 hours and finally 28 days after restoration of sinus rhythm. The plasma concentration was measured only once in the control group of 52 patients (26 men, 26 women; mean age 59.50 ± 1.46 yrs). We used ELISA kit to determine the IL-6 concentrations in plasma. The sinus rhythm was restored with propafenone for all patients. Results: All patients were hospitalized between 2 and 24 hours after onset of arrhythmia (mean duration of AF episodes until hospitalization was 8.14 ± 0.76 hours). Baseline plasma concentrations of IL-6 were higher than those of controls (29.88 ± 1.68 vs 14.21 ± 0.50 pg/mL, P< 0.001). The difference was retained for 24 hours after sinus rhythm restoration of (26.84 ± 1.11 vs 14.21 ± 0.50 pg/mL, P< 0.001). At 28 days there was no statistically significant difference between patients and controls (16.03 ± 0.90 vs 14.21 ± 0.50 pg/mL Hb, P=0.08). Conclusion: IL-6 was measured very soon after the onset of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Its concentration levels in plasma were significantly elevated and decreased slowly after restoration of sinus rhythm. The changes we found provide a strong rationale to suggest that they are most likely associated with the intimate mechanisms of the disease. This in turn raises the question about the need for developing new therapeutic approaches to PAF. 

Abstract: The oral cavity reveals many developmental defects of the ectoderm. However, the occurrence of oral hair has rarely been reported in the literature. No fully justified explanation can be offered for the occurrence of oral hair, which seems to be a developmental defect. Published reports on the subject to date have described the existence of single hairs discovered in healthy persons.a case of unusual hair in gingival sulcus is presented. 

Abstract: Forskolin, magnesium, homotaurin, L-carnosin, vitamins B1, B2, B6 and folic acid are the main ingredients of a food supplement commercially available. This drug contributes to a small reduction of IOP in glaucomatous patients who are poorly responsive to multitherapy treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate a possible change of visual field and pattern-electroretinogram (PERG) parameters after oral supplement of this drug.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a single center, retrospective study. It was conducted on files of
20  (10  M,  10  F)  treated glaucomatous patients  and  20  (10  M, 10  F) untreated controls.  All  these  patients  were  affected  by open-angle glaucoma  under  monotherapy  but  this  association  was  supplemented  twice  a  day  to  20  patients as long as 12
months. The ophthalmological data (IOP, pachymetry, visual field assessment by FDT 30-2 strategy pattern standard deviation, PERG) were checked at time 0, 3 6, 9 and 12 months from the beginning of the oral therapy.
The  statistical  analysis  was  performed  by  descriptive  statistics,  one-way  ANOVA and  Wilcoxon  test.  Results  were considered significantly different when p<0.05.

RESULTS:  The  two  groups  were  age  and  sex-matched  (p=0.335).  The  two  groups  were  also  matched  as  for
pachymetry  (p=0.187).  The  visual  field  parameter (mean deviation and pattern  standard  deviation  by  FDT  30-2 strategy)  was  statistically  significantly  different  only  at  time  12  months  (p=0.04). The PERG amplitude increases by 16.12%±2.6 at time 9 months and fovea sensitivity by 16.57%±3.2 at time 6 months (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary data stress the neuroprotective effect of the association of forskolin, magnesium, homotaurin, L-carnosin, vitamins B1, B2, B6 and folic acid from a campimetric and electrophysiological point of view.

Abstract: Objective: The proposed method was new precise, simple, fast, accurate method for the analytical method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of Tamsulosin and Dutasteride in its combined tablet dosage form by UV spectrophotometry and RP HPLC methods. Determine the absorption maxima of both the drugs in UV-Visible region in different solvents/ buffers and selecting the solvents for HPLC method development.

Method: A simple and selective HPLC method was described for the determination of Tamsulosin hydrochloride and Dutasteride tablet dosage forms.  Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C₁₈ column using mobile phase consisting of a mixture of Ammonium acetate Buffer pH: 3.5: Acetonitrile: Methanol (40:30:30v/v), with detection of 223 nm.

Result: Linearity was observed in the range 6.4-44.8 µg /ml for Tamsulosin hydrochloride (r² =0.999) and 8-56µg /ml for Dutasteride (r² =0.9961) for the amount of drugs estimated by the proposed methods was in good agreement with the label claim. The accuracy of the method was assessed by recovery studies at three different levels. Recovery experiments indicated the absence of interference from commonly encountered pharmaceutical additives. The method was found to be precise as indicated by the repeatability analysis, showing %RSD less than 2. The validation of method was carried out utilizing ICH-guidelines.

Abstract: This study is retrospective investigation of extramedullary plasmacytomas(EMPs) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM ) . The main purpose is to discuss the clinical characteristics and treatment. Method:We studied 79 patients of  EMP in MM, and collected the clinical characteristics, laboratory features, treatment, and prognosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma(EMP) in patients with multiple myeloma(MM). Pataints were divided into two groups: group 1 included 32 patients who developed EMP during the course of MM; group 2 included 47 patients who had EMP at the time of MM diagnosis.Result: The median patient age was 56.2 years, with a male/female ratio of 45:34. MM cells can invade all parts of the body. The most common sites for EMP were soft tissues(50 patients), spinal canal (36 patients). The median survival duration of the two groups was 33.6 months (range: 8–96 months) and 21 months (range: 1–52 months) respectively.Especially for 2 groups,is less than the average survival time 3-5 years with the comparison to the patients who were not combinated with EMP.  Conclusion:The occurrence of EMPs in patients with MM is associated with poor outcomes.