Abstract: This study reports the relationship between occupational noise levels with arterial blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and heart pulse rate for dentists in their offices chosen randomly in Jenin City. The noise levels measured during operational periods in the chosen dental offices were found to be between 90.5 and 91.7 dB. The arterial blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart pulse rate of doctors were measured before and after exposure to noise for four hours. Positive correlation (Pearson Correlation Coefficient) with noise pollution was found for all measured variables. The mean blood pressure, for examples, has Pearson's Coefficient R = 0.629 for systolic and R = 0.475 for diastolic. In addition, heart pulse rate has a Pearson's Coefficient R = 0.560. This study shows that after four hours of work, there is a significant increase in the mean measured values of blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and heart pulse rate. The mean of systolic blood pressure, for example, is increased by 4.4 mm-Hg, while the mean of diastolic blood pressure is increased by 3.8 mm-Hg. Finally, the heart pulse rate mean is increased by 3.6 beats/minute. 

Abstract: The mortality rate of intestinal obstruction is as high as 30% in spite of extensive research and studies done till now. The recognition and treatment of strangulating intestinal obstruction in time remains an important problem for surgeons today. Success in the treatment of acute intestinal obstruction depends upon early diagnosis and proper management. The objective was to study the age and sex distribution of intestinal obstruction and to compare the small and large bowel obstruction, to study the etiology of presentation of both small and large intestinal obstruction, to study the incidence of strangulation, and to study the mortality rate. Total of fifty patients attended our casualty and diagnosed as acute intestinal obstruction and operated are included in this study. Diagnosis is done pre-operatively as Acute Intestinal Obstruction with the guidance of clinical and radiological and biochemical parameters.  A proforma is prepared, which includes the details of patients name, age, sex, IP.No, symptoms, pre op diagnosis, operative procedures, complications and death. Small bowel obstruction was the common cause of obstruction with 72% of the cases compared to 28% due to large bowel obstruction. Males were affected more with nearly twice the number of patients compared to females. Bands and adhesions were the most common cause of intestinal obstruction with 42%, then tumors with 14%, and then sigmoid volvulus seen in 12% of the cases. 

Abstract: Background: Hydrocele is an abnormal collection of serous fluid between layers of tunica vaginalis^1.Hydrocele is the most common benign scrotal swelling, and has been estimated to occur in 1% of the adult male population. Since olden days surgical procedures have been described for the treatment of hydrocele. Objectives: To compare the outcome of sclerotherapy using 5% phenol in water with surgery ( Jaboulay’s procedure ) for treatment of primary vaginal hydrocele. To find out the effectiveness of sclerotherapy using 5% phenol in water in preventing complications. Methods: The study was conducted from October 2011-June 2013. It was a Prospective comparative Study. Total number of cases studied were 50. Patients were selected randomly for surgery and sclerotherapy (25 patients for each). Sclerotherapy treatment was done under local anaesthesia and surgery was done under spinal anaesthesia. Results: Primary vaginal hydrocele  is more common in the age group of 40-49 yrs. The study showed that complications are less with sclerotherapy when compared to treatment with surgery. Conclusion: Sclerotherapy with 5% phenol in water is as effective as surgery in the treatment of primary vaginal hydrocele size of less than 15cm in largest diameter. Sclerotherapy had less, in fact nil complications as compared to surgery in our study. 

Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate indications, most common complications,survival rate in various gestational age groups,various indications,various birth weight groups all the babies which got admitted in NICU both in born and out born were taken into our study out of 95 neonates required ventilation in which 73 babies were selected for study after exclusion criteria All details of babies ventilated were recorded like Name,Age,Sex,Gestational age,Birth Weight. Total duration ventilation, complications occurred ,ABG analysis,were observed According to my study most common indication for ventilation was Hyaline membrane disease,followed birth asphyxia .survival rate was better in HMD compare with other indications. Survival rate improved with  increased gestational age and birth weight.(expect in babies more than 2.5 Kgs).complications observed during study were tube block, air leak syndrome,sepsis.ventillator failure,PPHN.survival was poor in babies having complications. 

Abstract: Purpose: To compare the changes in the visual fields plotted by automated perimetry before and after pupillary dilation. Methods: This is a prospective comparative non interventional study. Between November 2006 and October 2007, patients attending the general ophthalmological Outpatient Department of Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital for routine ophthalmic examination, who were labeled as normal subjects were examined and findings were recorded for visual acuity, proper refraction, pupil size and visual fields by automated perimetry, before and after dilatation, The single field analysis printouts were collected and analyzed. Results: Thirty five eyes of nineteen subjects were enrolled at general Ophthalmological OPD in SDEH with mean age of 22.9 years, ranging from 17 to 35 years. The mean baseline pupil size and dilated pupil size were 3.28 ± 0.46 mm and 7.28 ± 0.86 mm in diameter respectively. There was a statistically significant worsening of the Mean Deviation (MD) with a mean decrease of 0.27 dB (P = 0.001) between the baseline and dilated visual fields. There was a statistically significant worsening of the Mean Deviation (MD) with a mean decrease of 0.27 dB (P = 0.001 )  between the baseline and dilated visual fields. There was improvement in the Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD) with a mean of 0.10 (P = 0.199) after dilation which was not statistically significant. There was a decrease in the foveal threshold by a mean of 0.14 dB after dilation which was again not statistically significant. With increase in dilation of the pupil, the Mean deviation worsened progressively with variation of mean from -0.159 dB to – 0.36 dB. Improvement in the PSD was noted in 72.2 % eyes with a 5 mm dilation of pupil from the baseline pupil size. Conclusion: The present study shows that there was statistically significant worsening of the Mean Deviation (MD) (P = 0.001) after pupillary dilation. There was no statistically significant change in the Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD) and foveal threshold after pupillary dilation. Thus this study emphasizes the importance of consistent pupil diameter in serial visual field testing. 

Abstract: Breast cancer is the second commonest malignancy affecting half a million women worldwide each year. Malignancy of the breast is one of the commonest causes of death in women aged between 40-45 years. Dyslipidaemia can affect cell integrity in patients of breast cancer.The aim of this study was to carry out a comparative study to investigate the effect of lipid profile, oestradiol (EST) and obesity on the risk of a woman developing breast cancer.A hospital-based randomized case control study was done among 100 consented women with histological diagnosed breast cancer and 100 control normal healthy women from same age group and demographic data. Their fasting blood samples were analyzed for serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Significant decreased levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.043) and HDL cholesterol levels (p = 0.036) were observed in breast cancer patients compared to control group. The study has been come up with altered pattern of lipid profile in breast cancer. The reason for hypo-cholesterolaemia may be due to its increased utilization by neoplastic cells for new membrane biogenesis.There was a significant increase in Body Mass Index (BMI) (p = 0.011), triglyceride (p = 0.026) and low density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol) (p = 0.001) of the breast cancer patients compared to the controls. With the exception of EST that decreased, the lipid profile generally (TG) increased with age in both subjects and controls with the subjects having a much higher value than the control taken in the study. There was also a significant positive correlation between BMI and TC (r2 = 0.022; p = 0.002) and also between BMI and LDL-cholesterol (r2 = 0.031; p = 0.0003). Apart from the LDL-cholesterol that were increased significantly only in the later-age phase in comparison to the controls, BMI, TC and TG were increased in both pre-menopausal and post menopausal phases with HDL-cholesterol remaining decreased or unchanged. This study confirms the association between lipid profile, BMI and increased breast cancer risk.