Abstract: Bangladesh is frequently cited as one of the country’s most vulnerable to climate change, despite the country’s insignificant contribution to climate change. Any changes in climate will, thus,   increase uncertainty regarding rice production as climate is major cause of year-to-year variability in rice productivity. This study analyzed the empirical evidence of climate change and its effect on rice production in Bangladesh. The study used paired t-test to establish that climate change in evident in Bangladesh. Yield response regression model used to determine the effects of temperature and rainfall on rice yield indicated that if an average annual temperature increases by  1⁰C, rice yield will decrease by 0.68 mt/ha. The study recommends that Bangladesh Rich Research Institute (BRRI) and NGOs should introduce water conserving measures to farmers. Farmers should be encouraged to plant trees or integrates trees in their rice farms to serve as canopies to reduce the amount of temperature reaching rice plants. 

Abstract: This study presents the effect of joint patterns on the stability rock slopes. For this purpose, the rock slopes with different dips namely 30, 45, 60, and 75 degrees were modeled using the Phase2 software and their stability were determined using the critical strength reduction factor (SRF) of slopes. The joint models are Parallel deterministic, Parallel statistical, Cross jointed, Baecher, Veneziano and Voronoi. The obtain results show that in all slopes, the maximum SRF is related to the Parallel deterministic joints and the minimum SRF is related to the Voronoi joints. Furthermore, the Veneziano joints have created sustainable stability in the all slopes. 

Abstract: The rate at which structure (buildings), collapse in Nigeria with its attendant loss of lives and properties has assumed an alarming proportion in recent times. Efforts to mitigate such incidence has necessitated an integrated geophysical and geotechnical investigation of a proposed power plant building sites with a view to determine the suitability of the site for the proposed project. Vertical electrical sounding using schlumberger configuration with electrode spacing of 200m. Ten (10) numbers of holes were bored through clay, silts, sand and similar soft materials to depth not exceeding 10m vertically. Soil sampling at 1.5m depth interval were carried out on each borehole to a depth of 10m, samples were later taken to the laboratory for analysis to determine their Engineering properties. The results revealed clay and sand materials characterized by bearing pressure of 189KN/m².The Liquid Limit ranged between 25% and 40% with an average of 32.5% while the Plastic Limit ranged between 10% and 24% averaging 17% and a degree compaction of 90-95%be recommended for the foundation of the power plant. 

Abstract: Over the years, anthropogenic activities are increasing in Warri River including oil and gas exploration, dredging and waste disposal. Indigenous people use the river water as sources of drinking and for fishing. This study thus, determined concentration of Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr in water and sediment from the Warri River. The results obtained show that the levels of all the metals have appreciated in comparison to the baseline studies of 1994. The concentration of Pb, Cd and Cu in water exceeded regulatory limits for safe water to support the health of fish and for safe drinking. This implies that the Warri River is continually being polluted with effluents from anthropogenic sources. There is therefore the need to control discharge of pollutants in order to forestall dwindling of the river resources besides ensuring the beneficial use of river especially by the local communities that depend on it for fish and water. 

Absract: This study was conducted at Sikensi, a city located at the south of Côte d'Ivoire. It relates to the identification and the evaluation of the impacts of the project of a production unit of biological alcohol resulting from sugar cane construction. The main objective was to identify, to evaluate and to characterize the impacts related to the phases of prospection, construction, exploitation and the end of the project. The methods of inherent inventory and these of the small squares were associated during floristic inventories. The results showed that the impacts the destruction of the woody flora (DFL) and the destruction of the potential of regeneration (DPR) were the major impacts during the phase of prospection and construction. During the production phase, the proliferation of herbaceous (PRO) was the major impact when the evolution of the aspect of the vegetations was strongly perceptible at the end of the project. However, the ecological disturbances were the minor impacts during the project realization. 

Abstract: The study has been described continuous declination of groundwater level with increase of groundwater irrigation in Barind Tract from mid 2000 to 2013 in the perspective of Rajshahi district which is located in severely drought prone area at Northwestern part of Bangladesh. Dry season Boro rice mainly depends on supplementary irrigation from groundwater, results in severe groundwater depletion.  Main source of recharging of groundwater aquifer in this area is rainfall, but rainfall is also dropping here. Hydrographs are analyzed  and groundwater level contour maps are prepared by Arc GIS version 10 software from the monitoring wells data of Bangladesh Water Development (BWDB).For aquifer geometry a subsurface geological cross section made by RockWorks software from bore log data of Department of Public Health Engineering ( DPHE) and Bangladesh Water Development (BWDB).Only two aquifers exist and   in NW area shows effective aquifer thickness is shorter than SE portion. Average rates of maximum depth ( dry season) and minimum depth  ( wet season) groundwater depilation are 0.23meter/year and 0.38meter/year respectively in Rajshahi district, some upazilas these rates are much higher than  that of average .Groundwater recharge condition is very poor in Tanore, Godagari, Mohanpur and Baghmara upazilas and vulnerable for Boro rice i.e. irrigated rice. A  crucial relationship remain between Boro production and groundwater depletion, so crop diversification or  less water consuming crops can be option for the study area. 

Abstract: This study was investigated to compare the adsorptive capacity of Snail and Perewinkle  Shells (SS and PS) for the removal of Nickel (II) ion from aqueous solution. The sample was characterised for some important properties and the effects of some  experimental conditions were examined using analysis of variance. FT-IR analysis was carried out to determine the functional groups of the shell.The results obtained from the characterisation of the SS and PS are  pH,   6.8 and 7.12; moisture content, 24.33 and 15.69; bulk density, 1.25 and 1.30; porosity, 0.0249 and 0.0767; surface area, 295 and 199 m²/g respectively. The spectra line  for both SS and PS gave rise to some important compounds such as N-H, CN, OH,C=C and R-CHO. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that PS perform better than SS. 

Abstract: Plastics are commonly used as packaging materials especially for food, which has led to the increased generation of plastic wastes globally. Plastics generally resist degradation. A comparative biodeterioration of nylon by three species of weevils (Tribolium, Sitophilus and Oryzaephilus) was tested using 3 plastic types and 2 substrates (rice and plantain flour) for 6 weeks. The number of borings or holes was used as an index of biodeterioration. Results show that the number of borings increased from week 1 to week 6 (P<0.05). Amongst the 3 species of weevils tested, Oryzaephilus has the most active borings (10 – 164) holes after 6 weeks, while Sitophylus created 79 holes. Being the least active, Tribolium created 67 holes. At the end of the 6 weeks, some of the weevils died while others multiplied. Hence, out of the initial 20 weevils inoculated, 16 – 42 weevils were recorded for Oryzaephilus, 13 – 43 for Sitophilus and 15 – 47 for Tribolium. The types of plastic bags used and substrate significantly affected plastic degradation (P<0.05). In the 3 plastic bag types inoculated with Oryzaephilus the number of hole borings was highest in the thin black bags (164) with plantain flours followed by thick transparent bags (60) also with plantain flour. A similar pattern was observed in the plastics inoculated with Sitophilus and Tribolium though to a lesser extent. It therefore follows that the order  of preference for biodeterioration is thin black > thick transparent> thin transparent plastics, plantain being the preferred substrate. 

Abstract: Due to urbanization and industrialization, the natural environment has been severely degraded, thereby posing a challenge to its sustainability. Climate change has affected biodiversity as well. This study assessed the perception of local farmers in Yenagoa metropolis, Bayelsa state, Nigeria on climate change. Also meteorological indicators such as temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were measured. Results showed that about 76%, 66% and 76% of respondents indicated that temperature precipitation and flooding events have respectively increased in the recent times. The meteorological analysis showed that temperature ranged from 24 – 35 ºC, relative humidity ranged from 69.2 – 86.9%and wind speed ranged from 0.3 – 1.3m/s in the month of August, 2014. About 83%, 73% and 56% agreed that vegetation cover aid in stabilizing the atmospheric temperature, soil against natural hazard such as erosion and flooding, and carbon sequestration respectively. About 65% of the respondents engage in crop rotation as a means of adapting to the effects of climate change. 

Abstract: The district Nadia long experienced virtually interrupted demographic mobility which was reflected in the almost unchecked transfer and resettlement of population in a number of places mainly for partition in 1947 and in 1971. This paper discusses the immigration outmigration and the resulting settlement pattern and growth and distribution of population. 

Abstract: The author discusses four groups of refugees settling in India, after the 1947 partision: Bengalis, Panjabis, Tibetans and Ceylonese Tamils. These groups differed in the time and conditions of entry, size of migration waves and the strategy adopted for adjustment. Government intervention was not always helpful. Resettlement of  refugees  and their adjustments is conceptualised here by a model which involves 6 elements: Origin, Initial reserver, Dispersion pattern, Location, Environment and Development level. 

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the effect of exposing to extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation from high voltage transformers (160 KVA and 250 KVA) on students. The sample of this study was 142 students including 69 males and 73 females, with ages (16-18 years) and (9-11 years). This research was carried out on five schools in Hebron District. Measurements were taken for student's tympanic temperature, blood oxygen saturation, heart pulse rate, and arterial blood pressure (diastolic and systolic). The results showed that the measured values of power flux density were within slight concern limit. The effect of EMR on students health were explained as follows, there was increasing in tympanic temperature, heart pulse rate, arterial blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), on the other hand the blood oxygen saturation was decreased. 

Abstract: The district is irregular hexagon in shape in the northeastern part of the State lies between 2702” east longitudes. It is surrounded by Churu district on the northwestern side Hissar and Mahendragarh district of Haryana State in the northeastern part and by Sikar district in the west, south and south eastern part-2. For the propose of administration the district is divided into five administrative subdivision viz, Chirawa, Udaipurwati, Jhunjhunu, Khetri and Nawalgarh Six Tehsil viz Jhunjhunu, Chirawa, Khetri, Nawalgarh, Buhana, Udaipurwati and eight Panchyat Samities viz Jhunjhunu, Chirawa, Khetri, Nawalgarh, Buhana, Udaipurwati, Alsisar and Surajgarh.