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Title : Evaluation of Energy Production in Badadhuleswar Village Ecosystem of Cuttack District in the Bank of River Mahanadi, Odisha, India
Authors Amarnath Sahoo, Malaya K. Misra, Birendra K. Bindhani
Abstract: Natural resources are being continuously exploited and suffer degradation due to high human and livestock population density as well as poor management. Total village ecosystem was investigated in Badadhuleswar, a smal1 village ecosystem in Baiyalish Mouza situated in the bank of river Mahanadi of Cuttack district, Odisha, India. Badadhuleswar village has population of 1159 of which 600 are males while 559 are females as per Population Census 2014. Approximately 19% of the men are involved in secondary occupations such as fishing and other agro-based industries. About 75% of the women work: agriculture (33%), labour (37%) and others (5%). The number of land-owning farmers has increased by 76% whereas that of landless labourers has decreased by about 24% over the past 10 years. Paddy is the major crop of Badadhuleswar, currently grown on 128 ha (55% of the total). The crop is primarily rain fed and cultivated during kharif with ponds as an additional source of irrigation.
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1-5 |
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2 |
Title : Assessment of African Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis JACQ) effluents on the soil, water and floristic diversity in Ituk Mbang, Uruan Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria
Authors Anwana Enoabasi Deborah, Ogbemudia Felix Okpako
Abstract: The impact of African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq) effluent on the soil, water and floristic diversity in Ituk Mbang, Uruan, Akwa Ibom State was conducted to assess changes on soil, water constituent profile and plant occurrence in and around the oil mill. Results obtained shows that the palm oil site (location 3) located upstream had the highest electrical conductivity (299.00 µs/cm) in water and (0.116 ds/m) in soil samples. Total dissolved solids were also highest in water around oil mill site. The geochemical indices of the five metals (Pb, Cd, Fe, Zn and Ni) ranged between 0.418-800.08 in soil and 0.009-3.66 in water. Also, results show average pH values across the three sampling sites, with decreasing acidity of 6.0 (palm oil mill site) to 5.5 (Stream 1). The resultant effect of increased acidity and alkalinity, inclusive chloride ions found within the oil mill sites samples could have an effect on the nutrient status of crops and vegetation around the mill area, with cascading influence on down- stream ecosystems. Thus, proper environmental education on pretreated palm oil effluent and by-products is advocated for project community and similar palm oil producing communities. Ultimately, this will protect the health of both humans and their ecosystem.
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6-9 |
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3 |
Title : Exogenous Jasmonic Acid Alleviates Adverse Effects of Drought Stress in Allium cepa L.
Authors Mir Aafaq Ahmad, P. V. Murali
Abstract: Drought stress inhibits plant growth and production and it has been reported that JA minimize the adverse effects of many environmental stresses including drought. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the role of jasmonic acid in alleviating the adversity of drought stress in A. cepa var. Aggregatum. In this study, plants were grown in pot culture and were raised under normal conditions. After seven weeks of sowing, drought stress was imposed in the form of five days interval up to harvesting and JA (25, 50 and 100 μM) was given through the foliar application prior fifteen days each sampling. Drought stress caused a considerable reduction in growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments and relative water content. JA application enhanced these parameters in drought stressed A. cepa. There was a significant increase in compatible solute accumulation under drought stress, but it was highly significant in presence of JA and drought. Therefore, it is concluded that JA treatment improved plant growth by enhancing the pigments and RWC and trigger the compatible solute concentration which help the plant to maintain its tissue water content under stressful conditions. In other words, JA application mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress in A. cepa var. Aggregatum.
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10-18 |
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Title : Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Effect of their Concentrations on Biological Productivity and Diversity in Freshwater Ecosystem
Authors J. I. R. Udotong
Abstract: Toxicity of copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) to tilapia fish was determined using the simple arithmetic graphic method. In each experiment, a control (distilled water) and graded concentrations of the test metals were used. Observations for fish mortality and subsequent removal of dead fishes were made hourly for 4 days. Percent mortality was calculated for each of the heavy metals and 96-hr LC50 for Cu, Fe and Pb for tilapia fish were determined to be 0.44 mg/l, 0.96 mg/l and 2.85 mg/l, respectively. Of interest was the result obtained on biological productivity in the aquarium containing 2.85mg/l of Pb within seven (7) days from the start of the experiment. Biological productivity and thus high diversity were observed in the case of Cu and Fe when the period was lengthened to fourteen (14) days. As against scientific believe that Pb is highly toxic to humans, this study showed that Pb pollution in a freshwater ecosystem encourages high rate of biological productivity and thus high diversity; thus confirming that heavy metals have differing effects on biological productivity and diversity in the ecosystem. Lead (Pb), whose response is dictated by the dose which may depend on mobility and bioavailability, was therefore identified by this work as a trigger factor to eutrophication.
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19-22 |
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Title : Management of Construction Waste Materials: A Review
Authors Thangjam Somchand Singh
Abstract: With the advancement of science and technology, a wide range of new building construction materials has been developed for the construction of civil engineering structures. Depending upon the type of the structure, the cost of construction materials may be up to 65% or more of the total cost. Utilization of appropriate construction materials coupled with effective management of these construction materials largely help successful completion of the structure. Due to mushrooming of big construction industries/companies, disposal of construction wastes has become an environmental issue these days, especially in big cities. A large quantity of various types of construction wastes with different characteristics is generated every day. However, this environmental problem may be minimized by introducing a systematic management of construction wastes. Such a system coupled with appropriate construction techniques minimizes generation of waste construction materials and consequently helps in achieving economic and environmental benefits. In this study, a review on systematic investigation on the management of construction materials and construction wastes is presented.
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23-27 |
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Title : Crop Combination Pattern Analysis in Rajasthan
Authors Dr. Renu Sangwan
For more information regarding Abstract please download full research paper.
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28-34 |
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