Abstract: Geological mapping of the Yelwa area revealed that the area is composed of sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The sedimentary rocks are categorized into Bima, Yolde and Dukul Formations whereas the volcanic rocks consist of basalt and phonolite. The limestone unit of the Dukul Formation host recrystallized calcite at six different locations. Geochemically the limestone is enriched in lime (CaO) 47.78 wt% with depletion in all other oxides such as silica (Si2O) 8.02 wt%, alumina (Al2O3) 2.64, total iron (Fe2O3) 2.66 wt%, magnesia (MgO) 0.72 wt%, soda (Na2O) and potash (K2O) 0.26 wt%. The high lime (CaO) content coupled with low magnesia (MgO) content indicate that the rock is limestone with no dolostone and can be utilized for the production of Portland cement. The phonolites have average values of silica 58.65 wt%, alumina 19.91 wt%, total iron 3.36 wt%, soda 6.76 wt% and potash 5.46 wt% suggesting intermediate rock on account of silica saturation. The plots of major and trace elements strongly indicate that the rocks are phonolitic and have originated from a calc-alkaline magma. This study showed that the limestone from the Yelwa area of Muri-Lau sub-Basin in Northern Benue Trough can be used for the production of Portland cement.

Abstract: This paper emphasized on the hydrochemistry of ground water as it is vulnerable resources to many environmental risks and is essential to sustainable development. The main geological units in the study area are Pre-Cambrian Basement Complex, Upper Cretaceous sedimentary formation, Oligocene Hudi Chert and Quaternary superficial deposit. There are two types of aquifers in the study area namely; the alluvial aquifer and Cretaceous sedimentary aquifers. The thickness of the two aquifers varies between the 3 - 30 m (for the upper aquifer) and 13 – 55 m (for the lower aquifer). The upper aquifer is semi confined. The field collected groundwater samples were analyzed for the major ion chemistry, using the standard laboratory methods. Arc GIS software is used for spatial distribution of the chemical components. Most of chemical species concentration of groundwater are within the permissible limits of local and international (WHO) standards with the exception of small pockets at Aldamer  town where high concentration were detected and some village in West of study area where salinity was recorded.

Abstract: This article is as a proof to my previous papers [1-7] which confirms and approves them internationally. Also some scientific problems of Iran were discussed. Again it was concluded that Iran (and I) will not become anything in the science, I do not have any intelligence and (Iran and I) will not become anything in general. Therefore according to the principles of DEPRESSIVE REALISM, I must always be happy. It was suggested that the only way for the general advancement of Iran is to make Iran as a state of USA officially.

Abstract: Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULC) is a result of human activities spanning over five decades and is among the main challenges of 21^st century. Land-use and land-cover represent the change in physical, ecological and socio- economic parameters of the land. Humans have constantly modified it in various ways leading to serious implications on food security and environment. The study of Land Use change is crucial for better utilization of sustainable development. The present study deals with the spatial analysis of land-use and land-cover change in Jaipur using Remote-sensing and GIS techniques. This paper analyzes the changes over a period from 2001 to 2018. Studying LULC is important to understand the proper land use planning for sustainable development of the Jaipur. The changes in every class were studied using matrix analysis of all classes of satellite image data. The study reveals the pattern of high change in built-up area and fallow land.