Abstract: The paper examines the performance of Indian iron and steel industry in terms of primary indicators such as production and foreign trade. Steel and iron industries have been playing a vital role national industries growth story. It also studies growth in iron and steel export and import. Steel is a particular kind of iron that is approximately one per cent carbon, with the carbon content spread throughout the metal evenly. Steel is harder than iron and does not rust as easily. The steel industry is often considered to be an indicator of economic progress, because of the critical role played by steel in infrastructural and overall economic development, with the main demand creators being the automobile, construction, infrastructure and oil and gas Industries. That is why iron making was by far the bigger industry in America until the late nineteenth century. 

Abstract: Geological mapping of the Yelwa area revealed that the area is composed of sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The sedimentary rocks are categorized into Bima, Yolde and Dukul Formations whereas the volcanic rocks consist of basalt and phonolite. The limestone unit of the Dukul Formation host recrystallized calcite at six different locations. Geochemically the limestone is enriched in lime (CaO) 47.78 wt% with depletion in all other oxides such as silica (Si₂O) 8.02 wt%, alumina (Al₂O₃) 2.64, total iron (Fe₂O₃) 2.66 wt%, magnesia (MgO) 0.72 wt%, soda (Na₂O) and potash (K₂O) 0.26 wt%. The high lime (CaO) content coupled with low magnesia (MgO) content indicate that the rock is limestone with no dolostone and can be utilized for the production of Portland cement. The phonolites have average values of silica 58.65 wt%, alumina 19.91 wt%, total iron 3.36 wt%, soda 6.76 wt% and potash 5.46 wt% suggesting intermediate rock on account of silica saturation. The plots of major and trace elements strongly indicate that the rocks are phonolitic and have originated from a calc-alkaline magma. This study showed that the limestone from the Yelwa area of Muri-Lau sub-Basin in Northern Benue Trough can be used for the production of Portland cement.

Abstract: This paper emphasized on the hydrochemistry of ground water as it is vulnerable resources to many environmental risks and is essential to sustainable development. The main geological units in the study area are Pre-Cambrian Basement Complex, Upper Cretaceous sedimentary formation, Oligocene Hudi Chert and Quaternary superficial deposit. There are two types of aquifers in the study area namely; the alluvial aquifer and Cretaceous sedimentary aquifers. The thickness of the two aquifers varies between the 3 - 30 m (for the upper aquifer) and 13 – 55 m (for the lower aquifer). The upper aquifer is semi confined. The field collected groundwater samples were analyzed for the major ion chemistry, using the standard laboratory methods. Arc GIS software is used for spatial distribution of the chemical components. Most of chemical species concentration of groundwater are within the permissible limits of local and international (WHO) standards with the exception of small pockets at Aldamer  town where high concentration were detected and some village in West of study area where salinity was recorded.