Abstract: Land degradation is a critical environmental challenge, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, where climatic extremes and limited resources exacerbate the vulnerability of ecosystems and human livelihoods. This paper explores the multifaceted causes of land degradation, including natural phenomena and human-induced factors such as unsustainable agricultural practices, deforestation, and urbanization. The impacts of land degradation are profound, leading to decreased soil fertility, loss of biodiversity, and socio-economic distress in affected communities. To combat these issues, the paper presents a comprehensive review of effective measures for preventing land degradation, including sustainable agricultural techniques, soil and water conservation practices, restoration initiatives, and policy interventions. Additionally, the role of education and community engagement in promoting sustainable land management is emphasized. Through case studies of successful interventions, this research highlights the importance of integrated approaches tailored to the unique challenges of arid and semi-arid regions. The findings underscore the urgent need for collaborative efforts among policymakers, researchers, and local communities to ensure the long-term sustainability of these vulnerable landscapes.